Crack Collection Mkdev Linux
HTML rendering created 2019-05-11 by Michael Kerrisk, author of The Linux Programming Interface, maintainer of the Linux man-pages project. For details of in-depth Linux/UNIX system programming training courses that I teach, look here. Hosting by jambit GmbH.
- In the article An Introduction to the Linux Kernel in the August 2014 issue of OSFY, we wrote and compiled a kernel module. In the second article in this series, we move on to device drivers. Have you ever wondered how a computer plays audio or shows video? The answer is: by using device drivers.
- Fans who pre-buy Football Manager 2017 on Steam will be remunerated with Football Manager Touch 2017 for nothing (on PC, Mac or Linux) and, as a thank you for pre-buying, you'll likewise get a scope of free downloadable.
While usually all Linux commands are spelled in lowercase, that's not the case of the MAKEDEV script, which is in uppercase. Is there a reason for that?
2 Answers
It is likely that Linux borrowed this script from a pre-existing Unix.
The earliest version of this script that I've been able to track down is called /dev/MAKE on BSD 4, which I believe is from around 1980. It is obviously named that way because it makes the device files. The upper-casing of the name may have been to distinguish it from the device files themselves, but that's speculating.
Before that, the device files seems to have been made with an actual Makefile, as in Bell Labs Research V7 snapshot (1979), and before that I'm not sure the /dev hierarchy existed at all.
With BSD 4.1 (1982), this script was still called /dev/MAKE, but in BSD 4.1c_2 (1983) there seems to have existed a /dev/MAKEDEV.local script of some description. It is not clear whether there ever was a /dev/MAKEDEV script alongside it.
In the BSD 4.4 Lite2 release (1995 according to the repository, but the SCCS timestamp in the file itself says 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/9/93) we can see the script with its final name /dev/MAKEDEV along with a couple of system-specific MAKEDEV scripts. By this time the script already exists with the same name on the Linux side (as mentioned by Stephen Kitt).
Crack Collection Mkdev Linux Software
♦KusalanandaAs far as I can determine, this is the history of MAKEDEV on Linux:
- in March 1992, Jim Winstead added an installation helper in version 0.95a of his root diskette, called
/INSTALL/mkdev; - in July 1992, this became
/dev/MAKEDEVin version 0.96 of the root diskette; - by December 1993, Nick Holloway has expanded on this in a dedicated MAKEDEV project (version 1.2 appears to be the first publicly-released version).
So the key to the script’s name is the switch from /INSTALL/mkdev to /dev/MAKEDEV. I’d guess that it was upper-cased to avoid any potential confusion and namespace clashes with device node names, since they (always?) start with a lower-case letter. This was long before the FHS, when binaries lived in various places (including /etc), so having a device node creation script in /dev was sensible enough.
Stephen KittStephen KittNot the answer you're looking for? Browse other questions tagged filenamesdeviceshistory or ask your own question.
Crack Collection Mkdev Linux Windows 7
Posted byCRACKED OR BYPASSED GAMES (DENUVO VARIANT #4 AND LATER)
| Name | Released | Cracked | By | Denuvo Variant |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dead Rising 4(+) | 2017-03-14 | 2017-06-18 | Baldman/Voksi | 4 |
| Train Sim World: CSX Heavy Haul(x) | 2017-03-16 | 2017-06-26 | Baldman | 4 |
| NieR: Automata(+) | 2017-03-19 | 2017-05-07 | Baldman/CPY | 4 |
| Dragon Quest Heroes II(+) | 2017-04-25 | 2017-06-25 | Baldman | 4 |
| Warhammer 40k: Dawn of War III(-) | 2017-04-27 | 2017-06-13 | Baldman + Voksi | 4 |
| Prey(+) | 2017-05-05 | 2017-05-14 | Baldman (9 days!)/CPY/Voksi | 4 |
| Constructor HD(x) | 2017-05-26 | 2017-06-14 | CPY | 4 |
| Tekken 7(x) | 2017-06-02 | 2017-06-06 | Baldman (4 days!)/CPY | 4 |
| Hunting Simulator(-) | 2017-06-09 | 2017-08-17 | CPY | 4 |
| White Day: A Labyrinth Named School(+) | 2017-08-22 | 2017-08-22 | ALI213 (Fixed by Steam006) | unprotected exe |
| F1 2017(-) | 2017-08-25 | 2017-09-13 | CPY | 4.5 |
| Sonic Mania(-) | 2017-08-29 | 2017-09-05 | CPY (7 days!) | 4.5 |
| Monopoly plus$ (+) | 2017-09-08 | 2017-10-06 | STEAMPUNKS | 4.5 |
| Pro Evolution Soccer 2018(+) | 2017-09-13 | 2017-09-22 | CPY (9 days!) | 4.6 |
| Dishonored: Death of the Outsider(-) | 2017-09-15 | 2017-09-23 | STEAMPUNKS (8 days!) | 4.6 |
| WRC 7 FIA(-) | 2017-09-15 | 2017-09-24 | CPY | 4.6 |
| Marvel vs. Capcom: Infinite(x) | 2017-09-19 | 2017-09-25 | CPY (6 days!) | 4.6 |
| Total War: Warhammer 2(x) | 2017-09-28 | 2017-09-28 | STEAMPUNKS (Day 1 crack) | 4.7 |
| FIFA 18¥ (-) | 2017-09-29 | 2017-09-29 | STEAMPUNKS (Day 1 crack) | 4.7 |
| Middle-earth: Shadow of War(x) | 2017-10-10 | 2017-10-11 | CODEX | 4.7 |
| South Park: The Fractured but Whole$ (x) | 2017-10-17 | 2017-10-18 | CODEPUNKS | 4.7 |
| Assassin's Creed: Origins$ (x) | 2017-10-27 | 2018-02-03 | CPY | 4.8+VMProtect |
| Sonic Forces(+) | 2017-11-07 | 2018-01-21 | CPY | 4.8 |
| Transroad USA(-) | 2017-11-09 | 2017-11-11 | Potato_of_Doom | unprotected exe |
| Star Ocean: The Last Hope HD Remaster(+) | 2017-11-28 | 2018-01-27 | CPY | 4.8 |
| Final Fantasy XII: The Zodiac Age(+) | 2018-02-01 | 2018-02-18 | CPY | 4.8 |
| OLDER CRACKED OR BYPASSED DENUVO GAMES (DENUVO VARIANT #1, #2 and #3) |
| Name | Released | Cracked | By | Denuvo Variant |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FIFA 15¥ (+) | 2014-09-23 | 2015-02-01 | 3DM (Fixed by CPY) | 1 |
| Lords of the Fallen(+) | 2014-10-28 | 2015-07-26 | CPY | 1 |
| Dragon Age Inquisition¥ (-) | 2014-11-18 | 2014-12-18 | 3DM (Fixed by CPY) | 1 |
| Battlefield Hardline¥ (+) | 2015-03-17 | 2015-08-13 | CPY | 1 |
| Batman Arkham Knight(+) | 2015-06-23 | 2015-07-28 | CPY | 1 |
| Mad Max(+) | 2015-09-01 | 2015-10-20 | 3DM (Fixed by CPY) | 1 |
| Metal Gear Solid V: The Phantom Pain(+) | 2015-09-01 | 2015-09-10 | 3DM (Fixed by CPY) | 1 |
| FIFA 16¥ | 2015-09-22 | Bypassed by Turk DM | 2 | |
| Just Cause 3(+) | 2015-12-01 | 2017-02-28 | CPY | 2 |
| Rise of the Tomb Raider(-) | 2016-01-28 | 2016-08-08 | CPY | 2 |
| Unravel¥ (+) | 2016-02-09 | 2017-07-04 | STEAMPUNKS | 2 |
| Far Cry: Primal$ (+) | 2016-03-01 | 2017-01-08 | CPY + CODEX | 2 |
| Total War: Warhammer(x) | 2016-05-24 | 2017-06-17 | STEAMPUNKS | 2 |
| Mirror's Edge: Catalyst¥ (+) | 2016-06-07 | 2016-10-02 | CPY | 2 |
| ABZÛ(+) | 2016-08-02 | 2017-06-12 | STEAMPUNKS | 2 |
| F1 2016(+) | 2016-08-19 | 2017-06-26 | STEAMPUNKS | 2 |
| Deus Ex: Mankind Divided(-) | 2016-08-23 | 2016-11-10 | CPY | 3 |
| Fernbus Simulator(x) | 2016-08-25 | 2017-10-21 | CODEPUNKS | 3 |
| God Eater Resurrection(+) | 2016-08-28 | 2016-11-08 | CPY/Voksi | 3 |
| God Eater 2: Rage Burst(+) | 2016-08-30 | 2017-01-22 | CPY | 3 |
| Champions of Anteria$ (+) | 2016-08-30 | 2016-12-25 | CPY + CODEX | 3 |
| FIFA 17¥ (+) | 2016-09-27 | 2017-07-12 | STEAMPUNKS | 3 |
| Pro Evolution Soccer 2017(+) | 2016-09-30 | 2016-10-27 | CPY | 3 |
| WRC 6 FIA(+) | 2016-10-14 | 2017-06-15 | STEAMPUNKS | 3 |
| Battlefield 1¥ (+) | 2016-10-21 | 2017-02-05 | CPY | 3 |
| Football Manager 2017(+) | 2016-11-04 | 2017-06-27 | STEAMPUNKS/Voksi | 3 |
| Yesterday Origins(+) | 2016-11-10 | 2016-11-10 | ALI213 (Fixed by SKIDROW) | unprotected exe |
| Dishonored 2(-) | 2016-11-11 | 2017-06-05 | STEAMPUNKS | 3 |
| Planet Coaster(x) | 2016-11-17 | 2017-06-10 | STEAMPUNKS | 3 |
| Watch Dogs 2$ (+) | 2016-11-29 | 2017-01-18 | CPY + CODEX | 3 |
| Resident Evil 7: Biohazard(x) | 2017-01-24 | 2017-01-29 | CPY (5 days!) | 3 |
| Tales of Berseria(+) | 2017-01-27 | 2017-02-17 | CPY | 3 |
| Conan: Exiles | 2017-01-31 | DRM free leaked | 3 | |
| Sniper Elite 4(-) | 2017-02-14 | 2017-06-22 | STEAMPUNKS | 3 |
| Ghost Recon Wildlands$ (x) | 2017-03-07 | 2017-07-24 | STEAMPUNKS (Fixed by CPY) | 3 |
GAMES THAT NO LONGER HAVE DENUVO
| Name | Released | Cracked | By | Denuvo Variant |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hitman | 2016-03-11 | 2017-03-15 | CPY | 2 |
| Adr1ft | 2016-03-28 | 2017-06-09 | STEAMPUNKS | 2 |
| Doom | 2016-05-13 | 2016-09-07 | CPY | 2 |
| Homefront: The Revolution | 2016-05-17 | 2017-03-06 | PLAZA | 2 |
| Sherlock Holmes: The Devil's Daughter§ | 2016-06-10 | 2017-02-28 | CPY | 2 |
| Inside | 2016-07-07 | 2016-08-23 | CPY | 2 |
| Titanfall 2¥ | 2016-10-28 | 2017-07-14 | CODEX | 3 |
| Moto Racer 4 | 2016-11-03 | 2017-06-19 | STEAMPUNKS | 3 |
| 2Dark | 2017-03-10 | 2017-04-13 | CPY | 4 |
| Mass Effect Andromeda ¥ | 2017-03-24 | 2017-05-04 | CPY | 4 |
| Bulletstorm: Full Clip Edition | 2017-04-07 | 2017-06-16 | Baldman | 4 |
| Syberia 3 | 2017-04-20 | 2017-04-23 | SomeRandomAntiDenuvoGuy | unprotected exe |
| Sniper Ghost Warrior 3 | 2017-04-25 | 2017-05-07 | Baldman/CPY | 4 |
| RiME | 2017-05-26 | 2017-06-01 | Baldman (6 days!) | 4 |
| Agents of Mayhem | 2017-08-15 | 2017-08-25 | CPY | 4.5 |
| Life is Strange: Before the Storm | 2017-08-31 | 2017-09-01 | Steam006 (Fixed by CODEX) | unprotected exe |
UNCRACKED DENUVO GAMES
| Name | Released | Denuvo Variant |
|---|---|---|
| Handball 17 | 2016-11-15 | 3 |
| Need For Speed Payback¥ | 2017-11-10 | 4.8 |
| Football Manager 2018 | 2017-11-10 | 4.8 |
| Injustice 2 | 2017-11-14 | 4.8 |
| Star Wars Battlefront II¥ | 2017-11-17 | 4.8 |
| Dragon Ball FighterZ | 2018-01-26 | 5 |
| Fe¥ | 2018-02-16 | 5 |
| SWORD ART ONLINE: Fatal Bullet | 2018-02-23 | 5 |
| Puyo Puyo Tetris | 2018-02-27 | 5 |
UNCRACKED DENUVO GAMES THAT ARE ONLINE ONLY
| Name | Released |
|---|---|
| Star Wars: Battlefront | 2015-11-17 |
| Plants VS Zombies: Garden Warfare 2 | 2016-02-23 |
| Need For Speed | 2016-03-15 |
| For Honor | 2017-02-13 |
UPCOMING DENUVO GAMES
| Name | Release |
|---|---|
| Final Fantasy XV | 2018-03-06 |
| Ni no Kuni II: Revenant KingdomA | 2018-03-23 |
| A Way Out | 2018-03-23 |
| Far Cry 5 | 2018-03-27 |
| Total War Saga: BritanniaA | 2018-04-19 |
| Dark Souls RemasteredA | 2018-05-25 |
| Mega Man 11A | TBA 2018 |
| Soul Calibur 6A | TBA 2018 |
| Skull and Bones | TBA 2018 |
| Total War Three KingdomsA | TBA 2018 |
| The Crew 2 | TBA 2018 |
| Left AliveA | TBA 2018 |
| Ace Combat 7: Skies UnknownA | TBA 2018 |
| Monster Hunter WorldA | TBA 2018 |
| Battlefield 5 | TBA 2018 |
| Anthem | TBA 2019 |
| Sea of Solitude | TBA |
| Beyond Good & Evil 2 | TBA |
| Lords of the Fallen 2A | TBA |
| Burnout Paradise Remastered | TBA |
CRACKED/BYPASSED UWP GAMES
| Name | Released | Cracked | By |
|---|---|---|---|
| Minecraft Windows 10 edition | 2015-07-29 | Bypassed by h3x (Fixed bypass by T0X1C) | |
| Gears of War UE | 2016-03-01 | Bypassed | |
| Recore | 2016-09-13 | Bypassed by T0X1C+MKDEV | |
| Forza Horizon 3 | 2016-09-27 | Bypassed by Opusdev | |
| Gears of War 4 | 2016-10-11 | Bypassed | |
| Zoo Tycoon: Ultimate Animal Collection | 2017-10-31 | 2018-02-14 | CODEX |
| Super Lucky's Tale | 2017-11-07 | 2018-03-04 | CODEX |
| Age of Empires DE | 2018-02-20 | 2018-02-23 | CODEX |
UNCRACKED UWP GAMES
| Name | Released |
|---|---|
| Halo Wars 2 | 2017-02-17 |
| Forza Motorsport 7 | 2017-10-03 |
| Disneyland Adventures | 2017-10-31 |
| Rush: A Disney Pixar Adventure | 2017-10-31 |
UPCOMING UWP GAMES
| Name | Release |
|---|---|
| Sea of Thieves | 2018-03-20 |
| State of Decay 2 | TBA 2018 |
| Crackdown 3 | TBA |
| Age of Empires 4 | TBA |
CODEPUNKS = CODEX + STEAMPUNKS
Each cracked Denuvo game will have a (+) (-) or (x) sign. These signs only cover Single Player content.
(+) means the latest update is cracked with all the DLC's
(-) means all DLC's are cracked, but the latest patch is uncracked
(x) means latest DLC or multiple ones are uncracked
¥ Protected by Origin DRM
$ Protected by Uplay DRM
§ Steam version still uses Denuvo, GOG version available
A - Not confirmed but based on assumption that the game will use Denuvo because of the previous uses of Denuvo by the publisher. These games may not have Denuvo on their release.
To see VR games and games that require special accessories see them here
CHANGELOG: https://cowyo.com/CrackWatchList/view
Special thanks to u/MrAxlee for reorganizing and making the table look better